Mfundo yofunikira yofananira ndi impedance
1. koyera kukana dera
Mu fizikiki ya sekondale, magetsi adauza vuto lotere: kukana kwa zida zamagetsi za R, zolumikizidwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ya E, kukana kwamkati kwa r batri pack, pansi pazifukwa zotani mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yayikulu?Pamene kukana kwakunja kuli kofanana ndi kukana kwamkati, mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi ku dera lakunja ndilo lalikulu kwambiri, lomwe ndilofanana ndi mphamvu zowonongeka.Ngati m'malo ndi dera la AC, zomwezo ziyeneranso kukumana ndi zikhalidwe za R = r dera kuti lifanane.
2. anachita dera
Dera la Impedance ndilovuta kwambiri kuposa dera lopanda kukana, kuwonjezera pa kukana mu dera pali ma capacitors ndi inductors.Zigawo, ndikugwira ntchito mumayendedwe otsika kwambiri kapena ma frequency apamwamba a AC.M'mabwalo a AC, kukana, capacitance ndi inductance ya alternating current obstruction amatchedwa impedance, yosonyezedwa ndi chilembo Z. Mwa izi, kulepheretsa kwa capacitance ndi inductance pa alternating current kumatchedwa capacitive reactance ndi inductive reactance ndi motsatira.Phindu la capacitive reactance ndi inductive reactance likugwirizana ndi mafupipafupi a alternating current yomwe ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonjezera pa kukula kwa capacitance ndi inductance yokha.Ndizofunikira kudziwa kuti, mu reactance circuit, mtengo wa kukana R, inductive reactance ndi capacitive reactance kawiri sikungawonjezedwe ndi masamu osavuta, koma njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri ya impedance triangulation.Chifukwa chake, gawo la impedance kuti likwaniritse zofananira kuposa mabwalo olimbana ndi zopinga kukhala zovuta kwambiri, kuwonjezera pazolowera ndi zotuluka muzofunikira za gawo lopingasa ndizofanana, komanso zimafunikira gawo la reactance la kukula kofanana ndi chizindikiro chosiyana (conjugate matching. );kapena chigawo chotsutsa ndi zigawo za reactance ndizofanana (zosagwirizana ndi zofanana).Apa akunena za kachitidwe ka X, ndiye kuti, XL yochititsa chidwi ndi capacitive reactance XC kusiyana (kokha kwa ma circuit angapo, ngati dera lofanana ndilovuta kuwerengera).Kukwaniritsa zomwe zili pamwambapa zimatchedwa impedance matching, katundu yemwe angapeze mphamvu zambiri.
Chinsinsi cha kufananiza kwa impedance ndi kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa gawo lakutsogolo kuli kofanana ndi kulowetsedwa kwa gawo lakumbuyo.Impedance yolowera ndi kutulutsa kotulutsa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamabwalo apakompyuta pamagawo onse, zida zamitundu yonse zoyezera ndi mitundu yonse yazigawo zamagetsi.Ndiye kulowetsa impedance ndi kutulutsa impedance ndi chiyani?Impedans yolowera ndikulepheretsa kuzungulira kwa gwero lazizindikiro.Monga tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 3 amplifier, kulowetsedwa kwake ndikuchotsa gwero la chizindikiro E ndi kukana kwamkati r, kuchokera ku AB kumathera kumalo ofanana.Mtengo wake ndi Z = UI / I1, ndiye kuti, chiŵerengero cha magetsi olowera ndi magetsi olowera.Kwa gwero la chizindikiro, amplifier imakhala katundu wake.Mwachiwerengero, mtengo wofanana wa amplifier ndi mtengo wa impedance yolowetsa.Kukula kwa impedance yolowera sikufanana ndi mabwalo osiyanasiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, kukwezera kulowetsedwa kolowera (kotchedwa voltage sensitivity) kwa voliyumu block ya multimeter, kucheperako kwa shunt pa dera loyesedwa komanso kucheperako cholakwika cha muyeso.M'munsi athandizira impedance ya chipika panopa, ang'onoang'ono voteji kugawikana kwa dera pansi mayeso, motero ang'onoang'ono kulakwitsa muyeso.Kwa amplifiers mphamvu, pamene kutulutsa mphamvu kwa gwero la siginecha kumakhala kofanana ndi kulowetsedwa kwa gawo la amplifier, kumatchedwa impedance matching, ndiyeno dera la amplifier limatha kupeza mphamvu yayikulu pakutulutsa.Linanena bungwe impedance ndi impedance ya dera kutsutsana ndi katundu.Monga mu Chithunzi 4, mphamvu ya gawo lothandizira la dera imakhala yochepa-yozungulira, mbali yotulutsa katunduyo imachotsedwa, kusokoneza kofanana kuchokera ku mbali ya CD kumatchedwa impedance.Ngati katundu Impedans si wofanana linanena bungwe impedance, wotchedwa impedance mismatch, katundu sangathe kupeza pazipita mphamvu linanena bungwe.Chiyerekezo cha voliyumu yotulutsa U2 ndi zotulutsa za I2 zamakono zimatchedwa impedance.Kukula kwa impedance linanena bungwe zimatengera madera osiyanasiyana ali ndi zofunika zosiyanasiyana.
Mwachitsanzo, gwero lamagetsi limafuna kutsika kwamphamvu kotulutsa, pomwe gwero lapano limafunikira kutulutsa kwakukulu.Kwa dera la amplifier, mtengo wa impedance yotulutsa umasonyeza kuthekera kwake kunyamula katundu.Nthawi zambiri, kutulutsa pang'ono kumabweretsa kunyamula katundu wambiri.Ngati zotulutsa zotulutsa sizingafanane ndi katundu, chosinthira kapena ma network atha kuwonjezeredwa kuti akwaniritse machesi.Mwachitsanzo, amplifier ya transistor nthawi zambiri imalumikizidwa ndi chosinthira chotulutsa pakati pa amplifier ndi wokamba, ndipo kutulutsa kwamphamvu kwa amplifier kumafanana ndi kutsekereza koyambirira kwa thiransifoma, ndipo kusokoneza kwachiwiri kwa thiransifoma kumafanana ndi kulephera kwa thiransifoma. wokamba nkhani.Kulepheretsa kwachiwiri kwa transformer kumafanana ndi kulepheretsa kwa chowulira mawu.The thiransifoma amasintha chiŵerengero cha impedance kupyolera mu kutembenuka chiŵerengero cha mamphepo oyambirira ndi sekondale.M'mabwalo enieni amagetsi, nthawi zambiri amakumana ndi gwero lazizindikiro ndi dera la amplifier kapena dera la amplifier ndi kutsekeka kwa katundu sikuli kofanana ndi momwe zinthu zilili, kotero kuti sangathe kulumikizidwa mwachindunji.Njira yothetsera vutoli ndikuwonjezera dera lofananira kapena maukonde pakati pawo.Pomaliza, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti kufananiza kwa impedance kumangogwira ntchito pamabwalo apakompyuta.Chifukwa mphamvu zama siginecha zomwe zimaperekedwa mumayendedwe amagetsi ndizofooka, kufananitsa ndikofunikira kuti muwonjezere mphamvu yotulutsa.M'mabwalo amagetsi, kufananitsa sikumaganiziridwa, chifukwa kumatha kubweretsa kutulutsa kwamphamvu komanso kuwonongeka kwa chipangizocho.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Impedans Matching
Kwa ma siginoloji apamwamba kwambiri, monga ma siginecha a wotchi, ma siginecha a mabasi, komanso mpaka mazana angapo a ma megabytes a ma siginoloji a DDR, ndi zina zotero, transceiver inductive inductive and capacitive impedance ndi yaying'ono, kukana (ie, gawo lenileni la the impedance) zomwe zitha kunyalanyazidwa, ndipo pakadali pano, kufananiza kwa impedance kumangofunika kuganizira gawo lenileni la zomwe zitha kukhala.
Pankhani ya mawayilesi pafupipafupi, zida zambiri monga tinyanga, ma amplifiers, ndi zina zambiri, kuyika kwake ndi kutulutsa kwake sikowona (osati kukana koyera), ndipo gawo lake lolingalira (capacitive kapena inductive) ndilalikulu kwambiri kotero kuti silinganyalanyazidwe. , ndiye tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira yofananira ya conjugate.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-17-2023